PLA (polylactic acid) is produced through the polymerisation of lactic acid (dextrose, a type of sugar). Unlike conventional plastics, it is made from 100% renewable plant-based resources, without the use of petroleum. Bio-based, biodegradable and industrially compostable, PLA represents a significant step forward for eco-friendly packaging.
According to data provided by our PLA supplier, this material offers measurable environmental benefits compared to petroleum-based plastics:
Today, the main sources of PLA feedstock are green waste from North American maize(Nebraska and Ohio): the United States consumes vast quantities of maize for food and this green waste is available in large quantities. However, other plant-based sources can also be used, such as sugarcane.
Sugar cane is the raw material of choice for BRASKEM in the production of bio-based plastics. In the coming years, PLA manufacturers will work to diversify their plant-based sources to produce an even more environmentally friendly material, whilst avoiding the risk of supply shortages.
Note: There are currently few plants worldwide capable of converting plant matter into PLA on an industrial scale. Availability remains a major challenge for the sector.
In terms of its technical properties, PLA is very similar to PET.
PLA packaging is relevant when a brand needs a bio-based material, a transparent finish close to PET and a clear environmental message, provided hot filling, moisture sensitivity and industrial composting routes have been checked before launch.
Dry or low-water products, B2B eco ranges, cold filling, transparent bottles and brands with a documented bio-based positioning.
No hot filling, limited water barrier, industrial composting required and strict separation from PET/rPET recycling streams.
To compare PLA with recycled and conventional options, see our PET, rPET, HDPE and PP plastic bottles.
PLA packaging is bio-based, biodegradable and certifiedOK compost INDUSTRIAL. Micro-organisms are able to break it down. Even if the end consumer discards it in the wild, this packaging would eventually break down without being toxic to the environment — unlike petroleum-based plastics, which contribute to the infamous ‘7th continent’.
However, in France, there is not yet a dedicated recycling scheme for PLA. After use, PLA packaging must be placed in a green waste bin so that it can be sent to an industrial composting facility. If this collection service is not available, the PLA ends up in the general waste bin, which reduces its environmental benefits.
Pichot Laboratories’ position: In the absence of PLA recycling channels, should we halt its development? No — because without a sufficient volume of PLA packaging on the market, these channels will never develop. We must move forward together.